DATA GLOSSARY

CRIMINAL LEGAL TERMS

 

Arresting Agency: An arresting agency, also known as a law enforcement agency, is responsible for maintaining public order. This includes investigating crimes by gathering evidence and identifying suspects, apprehending individuals suspected of criminal activity, responding to emergencies, and testifying in court proceedings. The arresting agency will provide a case file to the Office of the DeKalb County District Attorney sometime before or after an arrest is made.

The District Attorney accepts cases from multiple arresting agencies:

  • DeKalb County Police Department
  • DeKalb County Sheriff’s Office
  • DeKalb County Marshall’s Office
  • DeKalb County Medical Examiner’s Office
  • DeKalb State Court Probation
  • Department of Community Supervision (Felony Probation)
  • Georgia Bureau of Investigation (GBI)
  • Georgia State Patrol
  • Agnes Scott College Police
  • Atlanta Police Department
  • Avondale Estates Police Department
  • Brookhaven Police Department
  • Chamblee Police Department
  • Clarkston Police Department
  • CSX Police Department
  • Decatur Police Department
  • DeKalb County Police Department
  • DeKalb County Sheriff’s Office
  • DeKalb County Marshall’s Office
  • DeKalb County Medical Examiner’s Office
  • DeKalb County Schools Department of Public Safety
  • DeKalb State Court Probation
  • DeKalb County Schools Department of Public Safety
  • Department of Juvenile Justice
  • Doraville Police Department
  • Dunwoody Police Department
  • Emory Police Department
  • Georgia Attorney General’s Office
  • Georgia Insurance Commissioner
  • Georgia Perimeter College
  • Georgia Secretary of State
  • Georgia State University Police
  • Lithonia Police Department
  • MARTA Police
  • Pine Lake Police Department
  • Stone Mountain Police

 

Warrant: For an accused to be arrested, a warrant must be issued by a judge. Warrants are usually applied for by the arresting agency and accompanied by a police report that summarizes the facts of the incident leading to the accused's arrest.

 

Arrest: An arrest is made when law enforcement officially takes a person into custody, and they are booked into jail. 

 

Misdemeanor: Under Georgia law, a misdemeanor is a crime punishable by a fine of up to $1,000 and/or 12 months in jail. 

 

Felony: A felony is a crime punishable by a prison term of one year or more. Various fines may also be assessed upon conviction or guilty plea.

 

Case: A case is assigned to a prosecutor and investigator in the Office of the DeKalb County District Attorney who begin review of the facts and continue to collect evidence to prove the case beyond a reasonable doubt.

 

Bond: After arrest, the accused may have the opportunity to pay bail (also called a bond) at a judge's discretion. By paying the amount specified by a judge, the accused is allowed to be released from jail to await further legal proceedings. Some offenders are denied bail.

 

First Appearance: A First Appearance hearing happens within 72 hours of arrest. In some cases, the judge may set a bond for the accused.  

 

Preliminary Hearing: A Preliminary hearing happens if the accused is still in jail, but not indicted or accused within 90 days. This hearing determines whether there is enough evidence to support the charges. 

 

Grand Jury Presentment: The District Attorney's Office presents evidence to the Grand Jury to determine if there is enough evidence to indict (true bill) the accused for the alleged crimes or not (no bill).

 

Arraignment: After a case is indicted or accused, an Arraignment hearing is a formal reading of the charges where the accused must plead guilty or not guilty. 

 

Pretrial Calendar Call: These hearings are cases scheduled for trial during this trial period. The accused can plead guilty and accept sentencing at the hearing, or a trial date may be set. 

 

Trial: A trial is a public proceeding held before a jury or a judge. This is the formal presentment of evidence to support the charges. The result is typically either a conviction (guilty) or an acquittal (not guilty), commonly known as a verdict.  

 

Sentencing: The judge determines the official punishment of the accused for the convicted charges. The sentence may include a specified duration of confinement, probation, fines, restitution, or other penalties.

 

Felony Accusation: A felony accusation is a formal charge against the accused for a felony offense. Like an indictment, an accusation initiates criminal proceedings. 
 
Indictment: The District Attorney's Office presents evidence to the Grand Jury to determine if there is enough evidence to indict (true bill) the accused for the alleged crimes or not (no bill). The formal charging document is known as an indictment. 

DIVISION

There are presently 10 divisions of the court, which are numbered 1 through 10. Each division is presided over by 1 of the 10 judges, as follows:


Division 1 – Judge Courtney L. Johnson
Division 2 – Judge Asha F. Jackson
Division 3 – Judge Yolanda C. Parker-Smith
Division 4 – Chief Judge Shondeana C. Morris
Division 5 – Judge Gregory A. Adams
Division 6 – Judge Stacey K. Hydrick
Division 7 – Judge LaTisha Dear Jackson
Division 8 – Judge Nora L. Polk
Division 9 – Judge Mark Anthony Scott (until January 2023)/ Brian E. Lake (appointed April 2023)
Division 10 – Judge Tangela M. Barrie

OFFENSE GROUPS

An "offense group" is a category for crimes (like Violent Crime, Drug Offenses, or Traffic Offenses). These groups allow for easier analysis and visualization. The Data Dashboards highlight fifteen (15) different offense groups, including Homicide, Human Trafficking, Sex Offenses, Gangs, Cruelty to Children, Disabled Person/Elder Abuse, Violent Crime, Drugs, Weapons, Theft, Public Order, Forgery/Fraud, Crimes Against Animals, Traffic Offenses, and Public Corruption. Each offense group is defined as follows:

 

Homicide: Includes malice murder, felony murder, murder in the second degree, voluntary manslaughter, and involuntary manslaughter.

Human Trafficking: Includes trafficking of persons for labor or sexual servitude, keeping a place of prostitution, pimping, pandering, prostitution.

Sex Offenses: Includes rape, statutory rape, aggravated assault with intent to rape, sodomy, sexual exploitation of children, child molestation, incest, sexual battery, failure to register as a sex offender, and peeping tom. 

Gangs: Includes violations of the Street Gang Terrorism and Prevention Act, and committing an offense or engaging in criminal activity with the intent to obtain or earn membership and/or maintain or increase status within a criminal street gang.

Cruelty to Children: Includes cruelty to children in the first, second, and third degree, contributing to the delinquency of a minor, enticing a child for indecent purposes, endangering a child, educational neglect, and other charges where the primary victim is a child and there are no homicide, human trafficking, or sex elements to the crime. 

Disabled Person / Elder Abuse: Includes cruelty to a person 65 years or older, neglect, abuse, intimidation, exploitation of a disabled adult, elder person, or resident of a long-term care facility, simple battery against a person who is 65 years or older or is pregnant, and failure to report abuse of a disabled or elderly person.

Violent Crime: Includes armed robbery, assault and battery offenses, burglary, home invasion, kidnapping, false imprisonment, stalking, harassment, terroristic threats, and arson. 

Drugs: Includes possession of a controlled substance charges, possession with intent to distribute, distribution, manufacture of controlled substances, trafficking of controlled substances, and other drug charges.

Weapons: Includes possession of a firearm or knife in restricted areas, possession of a firearm or knife during the commission of a felony, possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, unlawful possession of knives, explosives, or destructive devices, and other weapons-related charges (such as use of machine guns, sawed-off rifles, shotguns, or silencers).  

Theft: Includes theft by shoplifting, theft by extortion, theft by taking, theft by deception, theft of services, theft by receiving stolen property, robbery by force, robbery by intimidation, robbery by sudden snatching, and robbery by force (does not include armed robbery, which is categorized under the Violent Crime category).

Public Order: Includes domestic terrorism, public indecency, disrupting a lawful gathering, inciting an insurrection, affray, disorderly conduct, advocating to overthrow the government, criminal trespass, damage to property, gambling, reckless conduct, judicial and jail-related crimes (such as perjury and unlawful acts in a penal institution), and other crimes that disrupt peace.

Forgery/Fraud: Includes financial fraud, identity fraud, forgery, fraudulent practices, racketeering, invasion of privacy, and other charges that involve illegally manipulating or creating documents/assets, whether using computer systems or not, for monetary gain.

Crimes Against Animals: Includes cruelty to animals, dog fighting, hunting violations, and the neglect or abandonment of animals.

Traffic Offenses: Includes reckless or aggressive driving, driving while under the influence, driving while license suspended or revoked, serious injury or death by vehicle, and other traffic-related offenses.

Public Corruption: Includes violation of oath by public officer, bribery, conspiracy to defraud the state, fraudulent acts by a public official, extortion under color of office, fraud in obtaining public assistance, food stamps, or Medicaid, misuse of state funds, and other offenses involving the abuse of government, either by public officials or individual actors. 

For more information on the offense groups and their rankings, visit the Technical Notes section. The Official Code of Georgia Annotated (OCGA) includes over 2,000 offenses. To request a more detailed list of which offenses are included in each category, use our contact form. ADD LINK TO FORM.

HIGHLIGHTED OFFENSE GROUPS

These dashboards categorize crimes by the highest level offense. The "highlighted offense group" chart allows you to filter by cases that also include high-interest offense groups. Each group is defined as follows:

Gang-Related: Includes violations of the Street Gang Terrorism and Prevention Act, and committing an offense or engaging in criminal activity with the intent to obtain or earn membership and/or maintain or increase status within a criminal street gang.

Domestic Violence-Related: Includes aggravated assault - family violence, battery - family violence, violating a family violence protection order, or any other charge with a family violence element. Family violence is defined as charges committed between “household members,” which includes past or present spouses, persons who are parents of the same child, parents and children, stepparents and stepchildren, foster parents and foster children, or other persons living or formerly living in the same household. 

Weapons-Related: Includes possession of a firearm or knife in restricted areas, possession of a firearm or knife during the commission of a felony, possession of a firearm by a convicted felon, unlawful possession of knives, explosives, or destructive devices, and other weapons-related charges (such as use of machine guns, sawed-off rifles, shotguns, or silencers).  

Drug-Related: Includes possession of a controlled substance charges, possession with intent to distribute, distribution, manufacture of controlled substances, trafficking of controlled substances, and other drug charges.

 

UNITS

The office is comprised of 16 units. Most units specialize in a particular field, i.e., domestic violence/sexual assault, crimes against children, crimes against elder persons and adults with disabilities, and so forth. Each unit is defined as follows:

 

Anti-Corruption Unit: The  Anti-Corruption Unit focuses primarily on complex white-collar crimes involving losses exceeding $100,000, as well as cases involving police officers' excessive use of force or the use of a firearm. Every discharge of an officer's weapon in the line of duty in DeKalb County is reviewed by the Office of the District Attorney through this unit. The unit also reviews and prosecutes cases involving public officials and county employees accused of breaching duties of public trust. The unit's experienced attorneys, investigators, and paralegals prosecute complex fraudulent business practices, cybercrimes, romance scams, mortgage fraud, and crimes against government organizations and institutions.

 

Child Crimes Unit: The Office of the DeKalb County District Attorney is committed to protecting children by aggressively prosecuting offenders who prey on our youngest citizens. The Child Crimes Unit (CCU) handles cases in which children have been victims of sexual abuse, physical abuse, neglect, or homicide. CCU employees are on-call 24 hours a day and 7 days a week to assist law enforcement with investigations into child maltreatment. They respond to the scenes of suspicious child deaths and attend autopsies. Unit attorneys engage with local law enforcement agencies and community groups to bolster child welfare in DeKalb County. CCU employees are leaders and members of organizations and task forces that advance their abilities to protect children, specifically the DeKalb County Multidisciplinary Team and the DeKalb County Child Fatality Review.

 

Crimes Against Elder Persons and Adults with Disabilities Unit: The Crimes Against Elder Persons and Adults with Disabilities Unit (CAEPAD) prosecutes crimes perpetrated against seniors and adults with physical or mental disabilities. Maltreatment or neglect of dependent adults can take many different forms, including passive neglect, active neglect, psychological abuse, financial abuse, and physical abuse. The CAEPAD Unit also leads the DeKalb County At-Risk Adult Multidisciplinary Team (DARA MDT) and presents trainings throughout the county to educate seniors on how to protect themselves from scams and abuse. 

 

Domestic Violence/Sexual Assault Unit: The Domestic Violence/Sexual Assault Unit handles all DeKalb County adult sexual assault cases and high lethality domestic violence cases,  including domestic violence and sexual assault homicides. In addition to giving these special cases the expertise, care, and commitment they deserve, the unit also assists and trains law enforcement officers, medical personnel, and crisis counselors in the areas of domestic violence and sexual assault and informs judges of current domestic violence and sexual assault law to aid in fair rulings and appropriate sentences. 

 

Firearm Violence Prevention Unit: Most violent crimes that occur in DeKalb County involve a firearm. The purpose of the Firearm Violence Prevention Unit (FVPU) is to reduce gun violence in our community and work toward healing those affected by it. The FVPU is dedicated to identifying and prosecuting the "impact offenders" responsible for most of the gun violence in DeKalb County. Additionally, the FVPU focuses on investigating firearm-related cases with a domestic violence component, particularly those involving prior misdemeanor convictions for domestic violence or where a protective order is in place. The FVPU routinely collaborates with federal partners, including the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF), and the U.S. Attorney’s Office, to pursue federal charges in these cases when appropriate. Our commitment extends beyond prosecution; we aim to prevent unnecessary deaths and injuries through gun safety education and community engagement. By targeting impact offenders, reducing the number of illegal firearms on our streets, and providing support to those affected by gun violence, the FVPU strives to make DeKalb County a safer place for all. 

 

High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area Task Force: The High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (HITDA) task force investigates complex drug cases involving large quantities of illegal drugs being distributed by national and multinational organizations.

 

Homicide and Gangs Unit: The Homicide and Gangs Unit (HGU) consists of specialized prosecutors, investigators, advocates, and support staff who handle the majority of the homicides and complex gang cases in the Office of the DeKalb County District Attorney. HGU is responsible for thoroughly investigating homicides that occur in DeKalb County to determine if sufficient evidence exists to indict, and if so, handles the cases once they enter Superior Court to resolution. This review and preparation require teams highly skilled in organizing and analyzing high volumes of evidence from external law enforcement agencies, internal investigative action, digital forensics evidence, including cell phone evidence, location data, social media evidence, and all forms of crime scene evidence. In addition to homicides, the unit handles complex gang cases. These cases include gang-related violent offenses, armed robberies, and narcotics activity.

 

Human Trafficking and Internet Crimes Unit: The Human Trafficking and Internet Crimes Unit (HTIC) handles cases in which individuals have been victims of human trafficking through labor or sexual exploitation, regardless of whether the victim is a child or an adult. In addition, the unit handles cases where children are sexually exploited through digital communications and on the internet. The members in this unit are trained to identify and protect trafficking victims and victims of internet crimes. They work with police departments to train officers to spot signs of human trafficking and complete thorough investigations. They also coordinate with police, businesses, and community groups to educate and increase awareness around these crimes and report suspected trafficking to the authorities.

 

Trial Division: The Trial Division is responsible for the majority of felony cases filed in DeKalb County. Its staff is divided into 10 teams — one assigned to each Superior Court judge. Each team consists of two attorneys, two investigators, a legal assistant, and a victim advocate. Trial Division attorneys prosecute felonies ranging from theft by shoplifting to armed robbery to murder. The highly qualified and experienced staff handles bond hearings, motions, arraignments, trials, and probation revocations. Cases are thoroughly investigated to determine the most appropriate charges. They are then prosecuted in a manner that best serves the interests of the victim and the safety of the DeKalb County community.

 

SB440 (Juveniles Charged as Adults) Unit: The SB440 Unit handles serious violent felonies committed by juveniles (ages 13-16) under Georgia's Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 1994 (SB440), which allows serious cases to be tried in Superior Court rather than Juvenile Court.

DATA ELEMENTS DEFINED

 

CASES RECEIVED

 

Received: A case is received when it is opened in the District Attorney's Office. After a law enforcement officer makes an arrest or obtains an arrest warrant for an individual accused of committing a felony offense in DeKalb County, the case is referred to the District Attorney's Office and assigned a case number. The arresting agency provides a report summarizing the facts of the incident, at which point POST-certified law enforcement officers who work in the District Attorney’s Office initiate an independent review of the case.

 

CASE DECISIONS

Case/Charging Decision: Prosecutors decide whether to charge, dismiss, divert, or transfer a case based on the facts and admissible evidence.

 

Filed: Prosecutors present the case to the Grand Jury for indictment or file a formal accusation. Grand Jurors determine if there is enough evidence to indict the accused. Similar to indictments, prosecutors may also decide to "file a case" by way of accusation. Accusations are used for crimes where a Grand Jury is not required.

 

Declined for Prosecution: Prosecutors decline to prosecute based on the evidence, and the case is closed, though it could be reopened later if circumstances change. This category also includes cases that where an individual successfully completed diversion. 

 

Referred to Diversion: A request has been submitted for a case to be considered for a diversion program. Anyone associated with the case may refer the case to the District Attorney’s Diversion and Community Alternative Programs Unit (DCAP) for consideration. In the referral status, a case has not yet been determined eligible for diversion. 

 

Transferred: The case is transferred to the appropriate venue, such as State Court, Juvenile Court, or Federal Court.

 

DIVERSION

Diversion: This is an alternative to traditional criminal prosecution - it is a thoughtful way to resolve cases outside of court while still meeting the needs of crime victims and the community efficiently and with the goal of reducing recidivism. This is available when the safety of the community and all parties involved can be accomplished. The accused may enter a diversion program and be required to meet certain accountability conditions, including treatment, counseling, community service, and/or restitution to victims.  The accused is incentivized to complete those terms by earning a dismissal and record restriction (formerly known as expungement) upon completion.

 

Referred to Diversion: A request has been submitted for a case to be considered for a diversion program. Anyone associated with the case may refer the case to the District Attorney’s Diversion and Community Alternative Programs Unit (DCAP) for consideration. In the referral status, a case has not yet been determined eligible for diversion. 

 

Approved for Diversion: After a referral is made, DCAP will review the facts of the case and the accused's criminal history to determine eligibility. If eligible, the case is accepted into the appropriate program(s). At which time, the accused must enroll in said program and successfully complete it to avoid a traditional prosecution (i.e., conviction). 

 

Denied for Diversion: If DCAP staff review the case and determine the facts and/or the accused’s criminal history do not make them an appropriate candidate for diversion, DCAP denies the case.  The case then goes back to the referring unit for criminal prosecution. 

 

Terminated from Diversion: The accused was removed from a diversion program for failing to meet program requirements, which results in the case being sent back to the referring unit for criminal prosecution. In other words, the charges are reinstated, and the accused faces prosecution. 

 

Pending: "Pending" in a diversion program means the criminal case is on hold, not dismissed, while the accused completes program-specific requirements (like counseling, community service, or restitution). 

 

Completed: This refers to individuals who complete all diversion program requirements and have their case fully dismissed and their record restricted (formerly known as expungement).

 

No Longer Eligible: This category includes individuals who were once approved for diversion but no longer qualify as an appropriate candidate for diversion.

 

Declined to Enroll: This refers to when an individual is offered to enroll in a diversion program and chooses not to participate. The case then goes back to the referring unit for criminal prosecution. 

 

Pretrial Diversion: Participants in Pretrial Diversion complete conditions tailored to their specific criminal charges, aiming to break the cycle of criminal activity. Those conditions may include restitution to victims, counseling, classes, and community service. The participants sign an agreement with the District Attorney's Office and must prove completion of the terms within the agreed deadline. Participants who complete the program will receive a dismissal of the charges and record restriction (formerly known as expungement). 

 

STRIDE: STRIDE (Stopping Trends of Repeat Incarceration with Diversion and Education) is a diversion program for youth ages 17 to 24, who have been arrested for serious felony offenses and may have a history of involvement in the juvenile court system. Designed with young adults’ unique developmental needs in mind, STRIDE aims to provide more intensive, guided support than the District Attorney’s self-guided Pretrial Diversion Program. Its goal is to steer young adults away from reoffending as they enter adulthood by strengthening their connections to their community, school, work opportunities, and resources. Participants who complete the program will receive a dismissal of the charges and record restriction (formerly known as expungement).

 

Caregiver Diversion: Caregiver Diversion is a diversion program for parents and legal guardians charged with crimes related to parental discipline or neglect. Participants engage in services like parenting classes, mental health support, or substance abuse treatment. Participants who complete the program will receive a dismissal of the charges and record restriction (formerly known as expungement).

 

RJGA: Restorative Justice Georgia (RJGA) is a restorative justice pilot program integrating restorative practices into the criminal justice space. Restorative justice focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with harmed parties and the broader community.

 

CASE CLOSURE

Case Closure: The closure of a criminal case happens following a conviction (found guilty by plea or trial), acquittal (found not guilty by trial), or dismissal, including as the result of the successful completion of a diversion program. 

 

Guilty Plea: A guilty plea is a formal assertion of guilt by the accused in response to the indictment or accusation against them. A guilty plea results in a conviction and waives the accused's right to a trial. 

 

Dismissal: Prosecutors decline to prosecute based on the evidence, and the case is closed by order of the court. The case could be reopened if circumstances change.

 

Trial: This public proceeding held before a jury and/or judge is the formal presentation of evidence to support the charges. The result is typically either a conviction or an acquittal. 

Office of the DeKalb County District Attorney

Sherry Boston, District Attorney